std.http.Client: support HTTP redirects

 * std.http.Status.Class: add a "nonstandard" enum tag. Instead of
   having `class` return an optional value, it can potentially return
   nonstandard.
 * extract out std.http.Client.Connection from std.http.Client.Request
   - this code abstracts over plain/TLS only
   - this is the type that will potentially be stored in a client's LRU
     connection map
 * introduce two-staged HTTP header parsing
   - API users can rely on a heap-allocated buffer with a maximum limit,
     which defaults to 16 KB, or they can provide a static buffer that
     is borrowed by the Request instance.
   - The entire HTTP header is buffered because there are strings in
     there and they must be accessed later, such as with the case of
     HTTP redirects.
   - When buffering the HTTP header, the parser only looks for the
     \r\n\r\n pattern. Further validation is done later.
   - After the full HTTP header is buffered, it is parsed into
     components such as Content-Length and Location.
 * HTTP redirects are handled, with a maximum redirect count option that
   defaults to 3.
   - Connection: close is always used for now; implementing keep-alive
     connections and an LRU connection pool in std.http.Client is a task
     for another day.

see #2007

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