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authorTechcable <Techcable@techcable.net>2022-09-04 17:16:26 -0700
committerTechcable <Techcable@techcable.net>2022-10-01 15:22:10 -0700
commit5b689d389fa50070c08520cdb6296dda3ad78a62 (patch)
tree284c79f96a6ed88db8c68825bed2a4152412a0c4 /lib/std/array_hash_map.zig
parent34835bbbcfe81cc87e823d14dc9b25e698ad5edc (diff)
downloadzig-5b689d389fa50070c08520cdb6296dda3ad78a62.tar.gz
zig-5b689d389fa50070c08520cdb6296dda3ad78a62.zip
translate-c: packed struct implies align(1) on every field
Superceeds PR #12735 (now supporting all packed structs in GNU C) Fixes issue #12733 This stops translating C packed struct as a Zig packed struct. Instead use a regular `extern struct` with `align(1)`. This is because (as @Vexu explained) Zig packed structs are really just integers (not structs). Alignment issue is more complicated. I think @ifreund was the first to notice it in his comment on PR #12735 Justification of my interpretion of the C(lang) behavior comes from a careful reading of the GCC docs for type & variable attributes: (clang emulates gnu's packed attribute here) The final line of the documentation for __attribute__ ((aligned)) [on types] says: > When used on a struct, or struct member, *the aligned attribute can only increase the alignment*; in order to decrease it, the packed attribute must be specified as well. This implies that GCC uses the `packed` attribute for alignment purposes in addition to eliminating padding. The documentation for __attribute__((packed)) [on types], states: > This attribute, attached to a struct, union, or C++ class type definition, specifies that each of its members (other than zero-width bit-fields) is placed to minimize the memory required. **This is equivalent to specifying the packed attribute on each of the members**. The key is resolving this indirection, and looking at the documentation for __attribute__((packed)) [on fields (wierdly under "variables" section)]: > The packed attribute specifies that a **structure member should have the smallest possible alignment** — one bit for a bit-field and one byte otherwise, unless a larger value is specified with the aligned attribute. The attribute does not apply to non-member objects. Furthermore, alignment is the only effect of the packed attribute mentioned in the GCC docs (for "common" architecture). Based on this, it seems safe to completely substitute C 'packed' with Zig 'align(1)'. Target-specific or undocumented behavior potentially changes this. Unfortunately, the current implementation of `translate-c` translates as `packed struct` without alignment info. Because Zig packed structs are really integers (as mentioned above), they are the wrong interpretation and we should be using 'extern struct'. Running `translate-c` on the following code: ```c struct foo { char a; int b; } __attribute__((packed)); struct bar { char a; int b; short c; __attribute__((aligned(8))) long d; } __attribute__((packed)); ``` Previously used a 'packed struct' (which was not FFI-safe on stage1). After applying this change, the translated structures have align(1) explicitly applied to all of their fields AS EXPECTED (unless explicitly overriden). This makes Zig behavior for `tranlsate-c` consistent with clang/GCC. Here is the newly produced (correct) output for the above example: ```zig pub const struct_foo = extern struct { a: u8 align(1), b: c_int align(1), }; pub const struct_bar = extern struct { a: u8 align(1), b: c_int align(1), c: c_short align(1), d: c_long align(8), }; ``` Also note for reference: Since the last stable release (0.9.1), there was a change in the language spec related to the alignment of packed structures. The docs for Zig 0.9.1 read: > Packed structs have 1-byte alignment. So the old behavior of translate-c (not specifying any alignment) was possibly correct back then. However the current docs read: > Packed structs have the same alignment as their backing integer Suggsestive both to the change to an integer-backed representation which is incompatible with C's notation.
Diffstat (limited to 'lib/std/array_hash_map.zig')
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