Introduce libzigc for libc function implementations in Zig.

This lays the groundwork for #2879. This library will be built and linked when a
static libc is going to be linked into the compilation. Currently, that means
musl, wasi-libc, and MinGW-w64. As a demonstration, this commit removes the musl
C code for a few string functions and implements them in libzigc. This means
that those libzigc functions are now load-bearing for musl and wasi-libc.

Note that if a function has an implementation in compiler-rt already, libzigc
should not implement it. Instead, as we recently did for memcpy/memmove, we
should delete the libc copy and rely on the compiler-rt implementation.

I repurposed the existing "universal libc" code to do this. That code hadn't
seen development beyond basic string functions in years, and was only usable-ish
on freestanding. I think that if we want to seriously pursue the idea of Zig
providing a freestanding libc, we should do so only after defining clear goals
(and non-goals) for it. See also #22240 for a similar case.

1 files changed, 45 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/lib/c/string.zig b/lib/c/string.zig
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0633f7e654
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/c/string.zig
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+const builtin = @import("builtin");
+const std = @import("std");
+const common = @import("common.zig");
+
+comptime {
+    @export(&strcmp, .{ .name = "strcmp", .linkage = common.linkage, .visibility = common.visibility });
+    @export(&strlen, .{ .name = "strlen", .linkage = common.linkage, .visibility = common.visibility });
+    @export(&strncmp, .{ .name = "strncmp", .linkage = common.linkage, .visibility = common.visibility });
+}
+
+fn strcmp(s1: [*:0]const c_char, s2: [*:0]const c_char) callconv(.c) c_int {
+    // We need to perform unsigned comparisons.
+    return switch (std.mem.orderZ(u8, @ptrCast(s1), @ptrCast(s2))) {
+        .lt => -1,
+        .eq => 0,
+        .gt => 1,
+    };
+}
+
+fn strncmp(s1: [*:0]const c_char, s2: [*:0]const c_char, n: usize) callconv(.c) c_int {
+    if (n == 0) return 0;
+
+    var l: [*:0]const u8 = @ptrCast(s1);
+    var r: [*:0]const u8 = @ptrCast(s2);
+    var i = n - 1;
+
+    while (l[0] != 0 and r[0] != 0 and i != 0 and l[0] == r[0]) {
+        l += 1;
+        r += 1;
+        i -= 1;
+    }
+
+    return @as(c_int, l[0]) - @as(c_int, r[0]);
+}
+
+test strncmp {
+    try std.testing.expect(strncmp(@ptrCast("a"), @ptrCast("b"), 1) < 0);
+    try std.testing.expect(strncmp(@ptrCast("a"), @ptrCast("c"), 1) < 0);
+    try std.testing.expect(strncmp(@ptrCast("b"), @ptrCast("a"), 1) > 0);
+    try std.testing.expect(strncmp(@ptrCast("\xff"), @ptrCast("\x02"), 1) > 0);
+}
+
+fn strlen(s: [*:0]const c_char) callconv(.c) usize {
+    return std.mem.len(s);
+}