More exploit fixes by KIttenPopo (#126)

* Quick fix for a bug I caused

* Typo

* Update kitten-fixes branch to my repo (#122)

* Added string hash macro

* Added convenient vtfunc macro

* Made lil ConCommand creation macro

* Fixed multiple NET_SetConVar exploits

* Quick fixerino

* Fix convar struct (and other things)

* Revive clang-format (but good, i think)

* Update .clang-format

* Reformatted code to meet .clang-format requirements

* Minor formatting fixes

* Fixed Northstar "crashing" when console is closed

* Update .clang-format

* Quick fix for a bug I caused

* Typo

* NSMem Update

* ExplotFixes: Only block excessive convar counts if server

* Update ExploitFixes.cpp

* Update ExploitFixes.cpp

* Updated bytepatch format

* reformatted all code for clang-format

* Updated my clang-format to v13.0.0

* 3 fixes in 1

- ANTITAMPER fixed
- NSMem simplification update
- Fixed bad byte string in serverauthentication.cpp

* Improved ExploitFixes logging and NET_SetConVar patch

* clang-format unironically sabotaged my code

* Made ns_exploitfixes_log on by default

* Fixed IsMemoryReadable (oops)

Co-authored-by: KittenPopo <Pokeberry123@gmail.com>

25 files changed, 513 insertions, 377 deletions

diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/ExploitFixes.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/ExploitFixes.cpp
index 36bd36f4..4c91ef75 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/ExploitFixes.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/ExploitFixes.cpp
@@ -5,6 +5,19 @@
 #include "NSMem.h"
 #include "cvar.h"
 
+ConVar* ns_exploitfixes_log;
+#define SHOULD_LOG (ns_exploitfixes_log->m_Value.m_nValue > 0)
+#define BLOCKED_INFO(s) \
+	([=]() -> bool {                   \
+		if (SHOULD_LOG) \
+		{ \
+			std::stringstream stream; \
+			stream << "ExploitFixes.cpp: " << BLOCK_PREFIX << s; \
+			spdlog::error(stream.str()); \
+		} \
+		return false; \
+	}())
+
 // Make sure 3 or less floats are valid
 bool ValidateFloats(float a, float b = 0, float c = 0) { return !isnan(a) && !isnan(b) && !isnan(c); }
 
@@ -66,9 +79,31 @@ KHOOK(CClient_ProcessSetConVar, ("engine.dll", "48 8B D1 48 8B 49 18 48 8B 01 48
 
 	auto msg = (NET_SetConVar*)pMsg;
 
-	constexpr int SETCONVAR_SANITY_AMOUNT_LIMIT = 20;
-	if (msg->m_ConVars_count < 1 || msg->m_ConVars_count > SETCONVAR_SANITY_AMOUNT_LIMIT)
-		return false; // Nope
+	bool areWeServer;
+
+	{ 
+		// Figure out of we are the client or the server
+		//	To do this, we utilize the msg's m_pMessageHandler pointer
+		//	m_pMessageHandler points to a virtual class that handles all net messages
+		//	The first virtual table function of our m_pMessageHandler will differ if it is IServerMessageHandler or IClientMessageHandler
+		void* msgHandlerVTableFirstFunc = **(void****)(msg->m_pMessageHandler);
+		static auto engineBaseAddress = (uintptr_t)GetModuleHandleA("engine.dll");
+		auto offset = uintptr_t(msgHandlerVTableFirstFunc) - engineBaseAddress;
+
+		constexpr uintptr_t CLIENTSTATE_FIRST_VFUNC_OFFSET = 0x8A15C;
+		areWeServer = offset != CLIENTSTATE_FIRST_VFUNC_OFFSET;
+	}
+
+	std::string BLOCK_PREFIX = std::string{"NET_SetConVar ("} + (areWeServer ? "server" : "client") + "): Blocked dangerous/invalid msg: ";
+
+	if (areWeServer)
+	{
+		constexpr int SETCONVAR_SANITY_AMOUNT_LIMIT = 69;
+		if (msg->m_ConVars_count < 1 || msg->m_ConVars_count > SETCONVAR_SANITY_AMOUNT_LIMIT)
+		{
+			return BLOCKED_INFO("Invalid m_ConVars_count (" << msg->m_ConVars_count << ")");
+		}
+	}
 
 	for (int i = 0; i < msg->m_ConVars_count; i++)
 	{
@@ -89,25 +124,41 @@ KHOOK(CClient_ProcessSetConVar, ("engine.dll", "48 8B D1 48 8B 49 18 48 8B 01 48
 			}
 
 			if (!nameValid || !valValid)
-				return false; // Missing null terminators
+				return BLOCKED_INFO("Missing null terminators");
 
 			auto realVar = g_pCVar->FindVar(entry->name);
 
-			if (!realVar)
-				// Not an actual cvar, no thanks
-				return false;
+			if (realVar)
+				memcpy(entry->name, realVar->m_ConCommandBase.m_pszName, strlen(realVar->m_ConCommandBase.m_pszName) + 1); // Force name to match case
 
-			// Force name to match case
-			memcpy(entry->name, realVar->m_ConCommandBase.m_pszName, strlen(realVar->m_ConCommandBase.m_pszName) + 1);
+			bool isValidFlags = true;
+			if (areWeServer)
+			{
+				if (realVar)
+					isValidFlags = ConVar::IsFlagSet(realVar, FCVAR_USERINFO); // ConVar MUST be userinfo var
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				// TODO: Should probably have some sanity checks, but can't find any that are consistent
+			}
 
-			if (!ConVar::IsFlagSet(realVar, FCVAR_USERINFO) || ConVar::IsFlagSet(realVar, FCVAR_CHEAT))
+			if (!isValidFlags)
 			{
-				return false;
+				if (!realVar)
+				{
+					return BLOCKED_INFO("Invalid flags on nonexistant cvar (how tho???)");
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					return BLOCKED_INFO(
+						"Invalid flags (" << std::hex << "0x" << realVar->m_ConCommandBase.m_nFlags << "), var is " << entry->name);
+				}
+				
 			}
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			return false; // Not risking that one, they all gotta be readable
+			return BLOCKED_INFO("Unreadable memory at " << (void*)entry); // Not risking that one, they all gotta be readable
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -130,15 +181,27 @@ KHOOK(CClient_ProcessUsercmds, ("engine.dll", "40 55 56 48 83 EC 58"), bool, __f
 
 	auto msg = (CLC_Move*)pMsg;
 
-	if (msg->m_nBackupCommands < 0 || msg->m_nNewCommands < 1)
-		return false; // Nice try buster
+	const char* BLOCK_PREFIX = "ProcessUserCmds: ";
+
+	if (msg->m_nBackupCommands < 0)
+	{
+		return BLOCKED_INFO("Invalid m_nBackupCommands (" << msg->m_nBackupCommands << ")");
+	}
+
+	if (msg->m_nNewCommands < 0)
+	{
+		return BLOCKED_INFO("Invalid m_nNewCommands (" << msg->m_nNewCommands << ")");
+	}
 
 	constexpr int NUMCMD_SANITY_LIMIT = 16;
 	if ((msg->m_nNewCommands + msg->m_nBackupCommands) > NUMCMD_SANITY_LIMIT)
-		return false; // Im good
+	{
+		return BLOCKED_INFO("Command count is too high (new: " << msg->m_nNewCommands << ", backup: " << msg->m_nBackupCommands << ")");
+
+	}
 
 	if (msg->m_nLength <= 0)
-		return false;
+		return BLOCKED_INFO("Invalid message length (" << msg->m_nLength << ")");
 
 	return oCClient_ProcessUsercmds(thisptr, pMsg);
 }
@@ -175,23 +238,56 @@ KHOOK(ReadUsercmd, ("server.dll", "4C 89 44 24 ? 53 55 56 57"), void, __fastcall
 		DWORD dword98;
 		float frameTime;
 	};
+
 	auto cmd = (SV_CUserCmd*)pCmd_move;
+	auto fromCmd = (SV_CUserCmd*)pCmd_from;
+
+	std::string BLOCK_PREFIX = "ReadUsercmd (command_number delta: " + std::to_string(cmd->command_number - fromCmd->command_number) + "): ";
+
+	if (cmd->worldViewAngles.IsInvalid())
+	{
+		BLOCKED_INFO("CMD has invalid worldViewAngles");
+		goto INVALID_CMD;
+	}
 
-	if (cmd->worldViewAngles.IsInvalid() || cmd->localViewAngles.IsInvalid() || cmd->attackangles.IsInvalid() ||
-		cmd->cameraAngles.IsInvalid())
+	if (cmd->attackangles.IsInvalid())
 	{
+		BLOCKED_INFO("CMD has invalid attackangles");
+		goto INVALID_CMD;
+	}
+
+	if (cmd->localViewAngles.IsInvalid())
+	{
+		BLOCKED_INFO("CMD has invalid localViewAngles");
+		goto INVALID_CMD;
+	}
+
+	if (cmd->cameraAngles.IsInvalid())
+	{
+		BLOCKED_INFO("CMD has invalid cameraAngles");
 		goto INVALID_CMD;
 	}
 
 	if (cmd->frameTime <= 0 || cmd->tick_count == 0 || cmd->command_time <= 0)
+	{
+		BLOCKED_INFO(
+			"Bogus cmd timing (tick_count: " << cmd->tick_count << ", frameTime: " << cmd->frameTime
+											 << ", commandTime : " << cmd->command_time << ")");
 		goto INVALID_CMD; // No simulation of bogus-timed cmds
+	}
+		
 
-	if (!cmd->move.IsValid() ||	   // Prevent player freeze (and even server crash) exploit
-		!cmd->cameraPos.IsValid()) // IIRC this can crash spectating clients or anyone watching replays
+	if (!cmd->move.IsValid())
+	{
+		BLOCKED_INFO("Invalid move vector");
 		goto INVALID_CMD;
+	}
 
-	if (!ValidateFloats(cmd->cameraPos.x, cmd->cameraPos.y, cmd->cameraPos.z))
-		goto INVALID_CMD; // IIRC this can crash spectating clients or anyone watching replays
+	if (!cmd->cameraPos.IsValid())
+	{
+		BLOCKED_INFO("Invalid cameraPos"); // IIRC this can crash spectating clients or anyone watching replays
+		goto INVALID_CMD;
+	}
 
 	return;
 INVALID_CMD:
@@ -227,7 +323,8 @@ KHOOK(
 	{
 		if (!ExploitFixes_UTF8Parser::CheckValid(a1, a2, strData))
 		{
-			spdlog::warn("ParseUTF8 Hook: Ignoring potentially-crashing utf8 string");
+			const char* BLOCK_PREFIX = "ParseUTF8 Hook: ";
+			BLOCKED_INFO("Ignoring potentially-crashing utf8 string");
 			return false;
 		}
 	}
@@ -244,8 +341,8 @@ void DoBytePatches()
 
 	// patches to make commands run from client/ui script still work
 	// note: this is likely preventable in a nicer way? test prolly
-	NSMem::BytePatch(engineBase + 0x4FB65, {0xEB, 0x11});
-	NSMem::BytePatch(engineBase + 0x4FBAC, {0xEB, 0x16});
+	NSMem::BytePatch(engineBase + 0x4FB65, "EB 11");
+	NSMem::BytePatch(engineBase + 0x4FBAC, "EB 16");
 
 	// disconnect concommand
 	{
@@ -266,16 +363,15 @@ void DoBytePatches()
 		for (auto exportName : ANTITAMPER_EXPORTS)
 		{
 
-			auto address = (uintptr_t)GetProcAddress(NULL, exportName);
+			auto address = (uintptr_t)GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleA("server.dll"), exportName);
 			if (!address)
 			{
 				spdlog::warn("Failed to find AntiTamper function export \"{}\"", exportName);
 			}
 			else
 			{
-
 				// Just return, none of them have any args or are userpurge
-				NSMem::BytePatch(address, {0xC3});
+				NSMem::BytePatch(address, "C3");
 
 				spdlog::info("Patched AntiTamper function export \"{}\"", exportName);
 			}
@@ -302,4 +398,7 @@ void ExploitFixes::LoadCallback(HMODULE unused)
 		MessageBoxA(0, "FAILED to initialize all exploit patches.", "Northstar", MB_ICONERROR);
 		exit(0);
 	}
+
+	ns_exploitfixes_log =
+		new ConVar("ns_exploitfixes_log", "1", FCVAR_GAMEDLL, "Whether to log whenever ExploitFixes.cpp blocks/corrects something");
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/ExploitFixes.h b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/ExploitFixes.h
index 7a407a3d..16196cbf 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/ExploitFixes.h
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/ExploitFixes.h
@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@
 
 namespace ExploitFixes
 {
-	void LoadCallback(HMODULE unused);
+void LoadCallback(HMODULE unused);
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/ExploitFixes_UTF8Parser.h b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/ExploitFixes_UTF8Parser.h
index b06d442b..09c26293 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/ExploitFixes_UTF8Parser.h
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/ExploitFixes_UTF8Parser.h
@@ -6,170 +6,170 @@
 
 namespace ExploitFixes_UTF8Parser
 {
-	bool __fastcall CheckValid(INT64* a1, DWORD* a2, char* strData)
-	{
-		static auto sub_F1320 = (INT64(__fastcall*)(DWORD a1, char* a2))NSMem::PatternScan("engine.dll", "83 F9 7F 77 08 88 0A");
+bool __fastcall CheckValid(INT64* a1, DWORD* a2, char* strData)
+{
+	static auto sub_F1320 = (INT64(__fastcall*)(DWORD a1, char* a2))NSMem::PatternScan("engine.dll", "83 F9 7F 77 08 88 0A");
 
-		DWORD v3;		// eax
-		char* v4;		// rbx
-		char v5;		// si
-		char* _strData; // rdi
-		char* v7;		// rbp
-		char v11;		// al
-		DWORD v12;		// er9
-		DWORD v13;		// ecx
-		DWORD v14;		// edx
-		DWORD v15;		// er8
-		int v16;		// eax
-		DWORD v17;		// er9
-		int v18;		// eax
-		DWORD v19;		// er9
-		DWORD v20;		// ecx
-		int v21;		// eax
-		int v22;		// er9
-		DWORD v23;		// edx
-		int v24;		// eax
-		int v25;		// er9
-		DWORD v26;		// er9
-		DWORD v27;		// er10
-		DWORD v28;		// ecx
-		DWORD v29;		// edx
-		DWORD v30;		// er8
-		int v31;		// eax
-		DWORD v32;		// er10
-		int v33;		// eax
-		DWORD v34;		// er10
-		DWORD v35;		// ecx
-		int v36;		// eax
-		int v37;		// er10
-		DWORD v38;		// edx
-		int v39;		// eax
-		int v40;		// er10
-		DWORD v41;		// er10
-		INT64 v43;		// r8
-		INT64 v44;		// rdx
-		INT64 v45;		// rcx
-		INT64 v46;		// rax
-		INT64 v47;		// rax
-		char v48;		// al
-		INT64 v49;		// r8
-		INT64 v50;		// rdx
-		INT64 v51;		// rcx
-		INT64 v52;		// rax
-		INT64 v53;		// rax
+	DWORD v3;		// eax
+	char* v4;		// rbx
+	char v5;		// si
+	char* _strData; // rdi
+	char* v7;		// rbp
+	char v11;		// al
+	DWORD v12;		// er9
+	DWORD v13;		// ecx
+	DWORD v14;		// edx
+	DWORD v15;		// er8
+	int v16;		// eax
+	DWORD v17;		// er9
+	int v18;		// eax
+	DWORD v19;		// er9
+	DWORD v20;		// ecx
+	int v21;		// eax
+	int v22;		// er9
+	DWORD v23;		// edx
+	int v24;		// eax
+	int v25;		// er9
+	DWORD v26;		// er9
+	DWORD v27;		// er10
+	DWORD v28;		// ecx
+	DWORD v29;		// edx
+	DWORD v30;		// er8
+	int v31;		// eax
+	DWORD v32;		// er10
+	int v33;		// eax
+	DWORD v34;		// er10
+	DWORD v35;		// ecx
+	int v36;		// eax
+	int v37;		// er10
+	DWORD v38;		// edx
+	int v39;		// eax
+	int v40;		// er10
+	DWORD v41;		// er10
+	INT64 v43;		// r8
+	INT64 v44;		// rdx
+	INT64 v45;		// rcx
+	INT64 v46;		// rax
+	INT64 v47;		// rax
+	char v48;		// al
+	INT64 v49;		// r8
+	INT64 v50;		// rdx
+	INT64 v51;		// rcx
+	INT64 v52;		// rax
+	INT64 v53;		// rax
 
-		v3 = a2[2];
-		v4 = (char*)(a1[1] + *a2);
-		v5 = 0;
-		_strData = strData;
-		v7 = &v4[*((UINT16*)a2 + 2)];
-		if (v3 >= 2)
+	v3 = a2[2];
+	v4 = (char*)(a1[1] + *a2);
+	v5 = 0;
+	_strData = strData;
+	v7 = &v4[*((UINT16*)a2 + 2)];
+	if (v3 >= 2)
+	{
+		++v4;
+		--v7;
+		if (v3 != 2)
 		{
-			++v4;
-			--v7;
-			if (v3 != 2)
+			while (1)
 			{
-				while (1)
-				{
 
-					if (!NSMem::IsMemoryReadable(v4, 1))
-						return false; // INVALID
+				if (!NSMem::IsMemoryReadable(v4, 1))
+					return false; // INVALID
 
-					v11 = *v4++; // crash potential
-					if (v11 != 92)
-						goto LABEL_6;
-					v11 = *v4++;
-					if (v11 == 110)
-						break;
-					switch (v11)
-					{
-					case 't':
-						v11 = 9;
-						goto LABEL_6;
-					case 'r':
-						v11 = 13;
-						goto LABEL_6;
-					case 'b':
-						v11 = 8;
-						goto LABEL_6;
-					case 'f':
-						v11 = 12;
-						goto LABEL_6;
-					}
-					if (v11 != 117)
-						goto LABEL_6;
-					v12 = *v4 | 0x20;
-					v13 = v4[1] | 0x20;
-					v14 = v4[2] | 0x20;
-					v15 = v4[3] | 0x20;
-					v16 = 87;
-					if (v12 <= 0x39)
-						v16 = 48;
-					v17 = v12 - v16;
-					v18 = 87;
-					v19 = v17 << 12;
-					if (v13 <= 0x39)
-						v18 = 48;
-					v20 = v13 - v18;
-					v21 = 87;
-					v22 = (v20 << 8) | v19;
-					if (v14 <= 0x39)
-						v21 = 48;
-					v23 = v14 - v21;
-					v24 = 87;
-					v25 = (16 * v23) | v22;
-					if (v15 <= 0x39)
-						v24 = 48;
-					v4 += 4;
-					v26 = (v15 - v24) | v25;
-					if (v26 - 55296 <= 0x7FF)
-					{
-						if (v26 >= 0xDC00)
-							return true;
-						if (*v4 != 92 || v4[1] != 117)
-							return true;
+				v11 = *v4++; // crash potential
+				if (v11 != 92)
+					goto LABEL_6;
+				v11 = *v4++;
+				if (v11 == 110)
+					break;
+				switch (v11)
+				{
+				case 't':
+					v11 = 9;
+					goto LABEL_6;
+				case 'r':
+					v11 = 13;
+					goto LABEL_6;
+				case 'b':
+					v11 = 8;
+					goto LABEL_6;
+				case 'f':
+					v11 = 12;
+					goto LABEL_6;
+				}
+				if (v11 != 117)
+					goto LABEL_6;
+				v12 = *v4 | 0x20;
+				v13 = v4[1] | 0x20;
+				v14 = v4[2] | 0x20;
+				v15 = v4[3] | 0x20;
+				v16 = 87;
+				if (v12 <= 0x39)
+					v16 = 48;
+				v17 = v12 - v16;
+				v18 = 87;
+				v19 = v17 << 12;
+				if (v13 <= 0x39)
+					v18 = 48;
+				v20 = v13 - v18;
+				v21 = 87;
+				v22 = (v20 << 8) | v19;
+				if (v14 <= 0x39)
+					v21 = 48;
+				v23 = v14 - v21;
+				v24 = 87;
+				v25 = (16 * v23) | v22;
+				if (v15 <= 0x39)
+					v24 = 48;
+				v4 += 4;
+				v26 = (v15 - v24) | v25;
+				if (v26 - 55296 <= 0x7FF)
+				{
+					if (v26 >= 0xDC00)
+						return true;
+					if (*v4 != 92 || v4[1] != 117)
+						return true;
 
-						v27 = v4[2] | 0x20;
-						v28 = v4[3] | 0x20;
-						v29 = v4[4] | 0x20;
-						v30 = v4[5] | 0x20;
-						v31 = 87;
-						if (v27 <= 0x39)
-							v31 = 48;
-						v32 = v27 - v31;
-						v33 = 87;
-						v34 = v32 << 12;
-						if (v28 <= 0x39)
-							v33 = 48;
-						v35 = v28 - v33;
-						v36 = 87;
-						v37 = (v35 << 8) | v34;
-						if (v29 <= 0x39)
-							v36 = 48;
-						v38 = v29 - v36;
-						v39 = 87;
-						v40 = (16 * v38) | v37;
-						if (v30 <= 0x39)
-							v39 = 48;
-						v4 += 6;
-						v41 = ((v30 - v39) | v40) - 56320;
-						if (v41 > 0x3FF)
-							return true;
-						v26 = v41 | ((v26 - 55296) << 10);
-					}
-					_strData += (DWORD)sub_F1320(v26, _strData);
-				LABEL_7:
-					if (v4 == v7)
-						goto LABEL_48;
+					v27 = v4[2] | 0x20;
+					v28 = v4[3] | 0x20;
+					v29 = v4[4] | 0x20;
+					v30 = v4[5] | 0x20;
+					v31 = 87;
+					if (v27 <= 0x39)
+						v31 = 48;
+					v32 = v27 - v31;
+					v33 = 87;
+					v34 = v32 << 12;
+					if (v28 <= 0x39)
+						v33 = 48;
+					v35 = v28 - v33;
+					v36 = 87;
+					v37 = (v35 << 8) | v34;
+					if (v29 <= 0x39)
+						v36 = 48;
+					v38 = v29 - v36;
+					v39 = 87;
+					v40 = (16 * v38) | v37;
+					if (v30 <= 0x39)
+						v39 = 48;
+					v4 += 6;
+					v41 = ((v30 - v39) | v40) - 56320;
+					if (v41 > 0x3FF)
+						return true;
+					v26 = v41 | ((v26 - 55296) << 10);
 				}
-				v11 = 10;
-			LABEL_6:
-				v5 |= v11;
-				*_strData++ = v11;
-				goto LABEL_7;
+				_strData += (DWORD)sub_F1320(v26, _strData);
+			LABEL_7:
+				if (v4 == v7)
+					goto LABEL_48;
 			}
+			v11 = 10;
+		LABEL_6:
+			v5 |= v11;
+			*_strData++ = v11;
+			goto LABEL_7;
 		}
-	LABEL_48:
-		return true;
 	}
+LABEL_48:
+	return true;
+}
 } // namespace ExploitFixes_UTF8Parser
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/NSMem.h b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/NSMem.h
index a5bbd42f..50928dd2 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/NSMem.h
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/NSMem.h
@@ -6,119 +6,147 @@
 #pragma region Pattern Scanning
 namespace NSMem
 {
-	inline void* PatternScan(void* module, const int* pattern, int patternSize, int offset)
+inline std::vector<int> HexBytesToString(const char* str)
+{
+	std::vector<int> patternNums;
+	int size = strlen(str);
+	for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
 	{
-		if (!module)
-			return NULL;
-
-		auto dosHeader = (PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER)module;
-		auto ntHeaders = (PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)((BYTE*)module + dosHeader->e_lfanew);
-
-		auto sizeOfImage = ntHeaders->OptionalHeader.SizeOfImage;
+		char c = str[i];
 
-		auto scanBytes = (BYTE*)module;
+		// If this is a space character, ignore it
+		if (c == ' ' || c == '\t')
+			continue;
 
-		for (auto i = 0; i < sizeOfImage - patternSize; ++i)
+		if (c == '?')
 		{
-			bool found = true;
-			for (auto j = 0; j < patternSize; ++j)
+			// Add a wildcard (-1)
+			patternNums.push_back(-1);
+		}
+		else if (i < size - 1)
+		{
+			BYTE result = 0;
+			for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++)
 			{
-				if (scanBytes[i + j] != pattern[j] && pattern[j] != -1)
+				int val = 0;
+				char c = *(str + i + j);
+				if (c >= 'a')
 				{
-					found = false;
-					break;
+					val = c - 'a' + 0xA;
+				}
+				else if (c >= 'A')
+				{
+					val = c - 'A' + 0xA;
+				}
+				else if (isdigit(c))
+				{
+					val = c - '0';
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					assert(false, "Failed to parse invalid hex string.");
+					val = -1;
 				}
-			}
 
-			if (found)
-			{
-				uintptr_t addressInt = (uintptr_t)(&scanBytes[i]) + offset;
-				return (uint8_t*)addressInt;
+				result += (j == 0) ? val * 16 : val;
 			}
+			patternNums.push_back(result);
 		}
 
-		return nullptr;
+		i++;
 	}
 
-	inline void* PatternScan(const char* moduleName, const char* pattern, int offset = 0)
-	{
-		std::vector<int> patternNums;
+	return patternNums;
+}
 
-		bool lastChar = 0;
-		int size = strlen(pattern);
-		for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
-		{
-			char c = pattern[i];
+inline void* PatternScan(void* module, const int* pattern, int patternSize, int offset)
+{
+	if (!module)
+		return NULL;
 
-			// If this is a space character, ignore it
-			if (c == ' ' || c == '\t')
-				continue;
+	auto dosHeader = (PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER)module;
+	auto ntHeaders = (PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)((BYTE*)module + dosHeader->e_lfanew);
 
-			if (c == '?')
-			{
-				// Add a wildcard (-1)
-				patternNums.push_back(-1);
-			}
-			else if (i < size - 1)
+	auto sizeOfImage = ntHeaders->OptionalHeader.SizeOfImage;
+
+	auto scanBytes = (BYTE*)module;
+
+	for (auto i = 0; i < sizeOfImage - patternSize; ++i)
+	{
+		bool found = true;
+		for (auto j = 0; j < patternSize; ++j)
+		{
+			if (scanBytes[i + j] != pattern[j] && pattern[j] != -1)
 			{
-				BYTE result = 0;
-				for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++)
-				{
-					int val = 0;
-					char c = (pattern + i + j)[0];
-					if (c >= 'a')
-					{
-						val = c - 'a' + 0xA;
-					}
-					else if (c >= 'A')
-					{
-						val = c - 'A' + 0xA;
-					}
-					else
-					{
-						val = c - '0';
-					}
-
-					result += (j == 0) ? val * 16 : val;
-				}
-				patternNums.push_back(result);
+				found = false;
+				break;
 			}
+		}
 
-			i++;
+		if (found)
+		{
+			uintptr_t addressInt = (uintptr_t)(&scanBytes[i]) + offset;
+			return (uint8_t*)addressInt;
 		}
-		return PatternScan(GetModuleHandleA(moduleName), &patternNums[0], patternNums.size(), offset);
 	}
 
-	inline void BytePatch(uintptr_t address, const BYTE* vals, int size)
-	{
-		WriteProcessMemory(GetCurrentProcess(), (LPVOID)address, vals, size, NULL);
-	}
+	return nullptr;
+}
 
-	inline void BytePatch(uintptr_t address, std::initializer_list<BYTE> vals)
-	{
-		std::vector<BYTE> bytes = vals;
-		if (!bytes.empty())
-			BytePatch(address, &bytes[0], bytes.size());
-	}
+inline void* PatternScan(const char* moduleName, const char* pattern, int offset = 0)
+{
+	std::vector<int> patternNums = HexBytesToString(pattern);
 
-	inline void NOP(uintptr_t address, int size)
-	{
-		BYTE* buf = (BYTE*)malloc(size);
-		memset(buf, 0x90, size);
-		BytePatch(address, buf, size);
-		free(buf);
-	}
+	return PatternScan(GetModuleHandleA(moduleName), &patternNums[0], patternNums.size(), offset);
+}
 
-	inline bool IsMemoryReadable(void* ptr, size_t size)
-	{
-		BYTE* buffer = (BYTE*)malloc(size);
+inline void BytePatch(uintptr_t address, const BYTE* vals, int size)
+{
+	WriteProcessMemory(GetCurrentProcess(), (LPVOID)address, vals, size, NULL);
+}
 
-		size_t numWritten = 0;
-		ReadProcessMemory(GetCurrentProcess(), ptr, buffer, size, &numWritten);
-		free(buffer);
+inline void BytePatch(uintptr_t address, std::initializer_list<BYTE> vals)
+{
+	std::vector<BYTE> bytes = vals;
+	if (!bytes.empty())
+		BytePatch(address, &bytes[0], bytes.size());
+}
 
-		return numWritten == size;
-	}
+inline void BytePatch(uintptr_t address, const char* bytesStr)
+{
+	std::vector<int> byteInts = HexBytesToString(bytesStr);
+	std::vector<BYTE> bytes;
+	for (int v : byteInts)
+		bytes.push_back(v);
+
+	if (!bytes.empty())
+		BytePatch(address, &bytes[0], bytes.size());
+}
+
+inline void NOP(uintptr_t address, int size)
+{
+	BYTE* buf = (BYTE*)malloc(size);
+	memset(buf, 0x90, size);
+	BytePatch(address, buf, size);
+	free(buf);
+}
+
+inline bool IsMemoryReadable(void* ptr, size_t size)
+{
+	static SYSTEM_INFO sysInfo;
+	if (!sysInfo.dwPageSize)
+		GetSystemInfo(&sysInfo); // This should always be 4096 unless ur playing on NES or some shit but whatever
+
+	MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION memInfo;
+
+	if (!VirtualQuery(ptr, &memInfo, sizeof(memInfo)))
+		return false;
+
+	if (memInfo.RegionSize < size)
+		return false;
+
+	return (memInfo.State & MEM_COMMIT) && !(memInfo.Protect & PAGE_NOACCESS);
+}
 } // namespace NSMem
 
 #pragma region KHOOK
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/clientvideooverrides.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/clientvideooverrides.cpp
index 0b5ff5f5..d5674f51 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/clientvideooverrides.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/clientvideooverrides.cpp
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #include "clientvideooverrides.h"
 #include "modmanager.h"
 
-typedef void*(*BinkOpenType)(const char* path, uint32_t flags);
+typedef void* (*BinkOpenType)(const char* path, uint32_t flags);
 BinkOpenType BinkOpen;
 
 void* BinkOpenHook(const char* path, uint32_t flags)
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ void* BinkOpenHook(const char* path, uint32_t flags)
 	{
 		if (!mod.Enabled)
 			continue;
-		
+
 		if (std::find(mod.BinkVideos.begin(), mod.BinkVideos.end(), filename) != mod.BinkVideos.end())
 			fileOwner = &mod;
 	}
@@ -34,5 +34,6 @@ void* BinkOpenHook(const char* path, uint32_t flags)
 void InitialiseClientVideoOverrides(HMODULE baseAddress)
 {
 	HookEnabler hook;
-	ENABLER_CREATEHOOK(hook, GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleA("bink2w64.dll"), "BinkOpen"), &BinkOpenHook, reinterpret_cast<LPVOID*>(&BinkOpen));
+	ENABLER_CREATEHOOK(
+		hook, GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleA("bink2w64.dll"), "BinkOpen"), &BinkOpenHook, reinterpret_cast<LPVOID*>(&BinkOpen));
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/concommand.h b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/concommand.h
index eb812c32..8f5d59e0 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/concommand.h
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/concommand.h
@@ -106,5 +106,4 @@ class ConCommand : public ConCommandBase
 void RegisterConCommand(const char* name, void (*callback)(const CCommand&), const char* helpString, int flags);
 void InitialiseConCommands(HMODULE baseAddress);
 
-#define MAKE_CONCMD(name, helpStr, flags, fn) \
-RegisterConCommand(name, fn, helpStr, flags);
\ No newline at end of file
+#define MAKE_CONCMD(name, helpStr, flags, fn) RegisterConCommand(name, fn, helpStr, flags);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/convar.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/convar.cpp
index 3f2728d0..c750bd4d 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/convar.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/convar.cpp
@@ -36,8 +36,6 @@ void InitialiseConVars(HMODULE baseAddress)
 
 	HookEnabler hook;
 	ENABLER_CREATEHOOK(hook, (char*)baseAddress + 0x417FA0, &ConVar::IsFlagSet, reinterpret_cast<LPVOID*>(&CvarIsFlagSet));
-
-	
 }
 
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/convar.h b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/convar.h
index fc5b0eb9..72dc1d3c 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/convar.h
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/convar.h
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class ConVar
 	};
 
 	ConCommandBase m_ConCommandBase{}; // 0x0000
-	const char* defaultVal{};		// 0x0040
+	const char* defaultVal{};		   // 0x0040
 	CVValue_t m_Value{};			   // 0x0048
 	bool m_bHasMin{};				   // 0x005C
 	float m_fMinVal{};				   // 0x0060
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/cvar.h b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/cvar.h
index e254af4e..8e993b19 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/cvar.h
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/cvar.h
@@ -26,8 +26,7 @@ class CCVarIteratorInternal // Fully reversed table, just look at the virtual fu
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 class CCvar
 {
- public:
-
+  public:
 	M_VMETHOD(ConCommandBase*, FindCommandBase, 14, (const char* pszCommandName), (this, pszCommandName));
 	M_VMETHOD(ConVar*, FindVar, 16, (const char* pszVarName), (this, pszVarName));
 	M_VMETHOD(ConCommand*, FindCommand, 18, (const char* pszCommandName), (this, pszCommandName));
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/dedicated.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/dedicated.cpp
index e0206d1f..c97ac91d 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/dedicated.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/dedicated.cpp
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
 
 bool IsDedicated()
 {
-	// return CommandLine()->CheckParm("-dedicated");
-	return strstr(GetCommandLineA(), "-dedicated");
+	static bool result = strstr(GetCommandLineA(), "-dedicated");
+	return result;
 }
 
 // CDedidcatedExports defs
@@ -136,10 +136,10 @@ void InitialiseDedicated(HMODULE engineAddress)
 		auto ptr = ea + 0x1C4EBD;
 
 		// cmp => mov
-		NSMem::BytePatch(ptr + 1, {0xC6, 0x87});
+		NSMem::BytePatch(ptr + 1, "C6 87");
 
 		// 00 => 01
-		NSMem::BytePatch(ptr + 7, {0x01});
+		NSMem::BytePatch(ptr + 7, "01");
 	}
 
 	{
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ void InitialiseDedicated(HMODULE engineAddress)
 		// previously patched these, took me a couple weeks to figure out they were the issue
 		// removing these will mess up register state when this function is over, so we'll write HS_RUN to the wrong address
 		// so uhh, don't do that
-		//NSMem::NOP(ea + 0x156B4C + 7, 8);
+		// NSMem::NOP(ea + 0x156B4C + 7, 8);
 
 		NSMem::NOP(ea + 0x156B4C + 15, 9);
 	}
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ void InitialiseDedicated(HMODULE engineAddress)
 	{
 		// Host_Init
 		// change the number of rpaks to load from 6 to 1, so we only load common.rpak
-		NSMem::BytePatch(ea + 0x15653B + 1, {0x01});
+		NSMem::BytePatch(ea + 0x15653B + 1, "01");
 	}
 
 	{
@@ -212,10 +212,11 @@ void InitialiseDedicated(HMODULE engineAddress)
 	{
 		// func that checks if origin is inited
 		// always return 1
-		NSMem::BytePatch(ea + 0x183B70, {
-			0xB0, 0x01, // mov al,01
-			0xC3 // ret
-		});
+		NSMem::BytePatch(
+			ea + 0x183B70, {
+							   0xB0, 0x01, // mov al,01
+							   0xC3		   // ret
+						   });
 	}
 
 	{
@@ -301,9 +302,10 @@ void InitialiseDedicatedOrigin(HMODULE baseAddress)
 	// for any big ea lawyers, this can't be used to play the game without origin, game will throw a fit if you try to do anything without
 	// an origin id as a client for dedi it's fine though, game doesn't care if origin is disabled as long as there's only a server
 
-	NSMem::BytePatch((uintptr_t)GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleA("tier0.dll"), "Tier0_InitOrigin"), {
-		0xC3 // ret
-	});
+	NSMem::BytePatch(
+		(uintptr_t)GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleA("tier0.dll"), "Tier0_InitOrigin"), {
+																						  0xC3 // ret
+																					  });
 }
 
 typedef void (*PrintFatalSquirrelErrorType)(void* sqvm);
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/dedicatedmaterialsystem.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/dedicatedmaterialsystem.cpp
index 8fa2b58d..b3452fc8 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/dedicatedmaterialsystem.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/dedicatedmaterialsystem.cpp
@@ -61,9 +61,7 @@ void InitialiseDedicatedMaterialSystem(HMODULE baseAddress)
 	{
 		// CMaterialSystem::FindMaterial
 		// make the game always use the error material
-		NSMem::BytePatch((uintptr_t)baseAddress + 0x5F0F1, {
-			0xE9, 0x34, 0x03, 0x00
-		});
+		NSMem::BytePatch((uintptr_t)baseAddress + 0x5F0F1, {0xE9, 0x34, 0x03, 0x00});
 	}
 
 	// previously had DisableDedicatedWindowCreation stuff here, removing for now since shit and unstable
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/languagehooks.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/languagehooks.cpp
index 8d60ca22..95638ef2 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/languagehooks.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/languagehooks.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ GetGameLanguageType GetGameLanguageOriginal;
 
 bool CheckLangAudioExists(char* lang)
 {
-	std::string path {"r2\\sound\\general_"};
+	std::string path{"r2\\sound\\general_"};
 	path += lang;
 	path += ".mstr";
 	return fs::exists(path);
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ std::vector<std::string> file_list(fs::path dir, std::regex ext_pattern)
 	using iterator = fs::directory_iterator;
 
 	const iterator end;
-	for (iterator iter {dir}; iter != end; ++iter)
+	for (iterator iter{dir}; iter != end; ++iter)
 	{
 		const std::string filename = iter->path().filename().string();
 		std::smatch matches;
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/latencyflex.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/latencyflex.cpp
index 4ac1c760..623ac06b 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/latencyflex.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/latencyflex.cpp
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ OnRenderStartType OnRenderStart;
 
 ConVar* Cvar_r_latencyflex;
 
-HMODULE m_lfxModule {};
+HMODULE m_lfxModule{};
 typedef void (*PFN_winelfx_WaitAndBeginFrame)();
-PFN_winelfx_WaitAndBeginFrame m_winelfx_WaitAndBeginFrame {};
+PFN_winelfx_WaitAndBeginFrame m_winelfx_WaitAndBeginFrame{};
 
 void OnRenderStartHook()
 {
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/logging.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/logging.cpp
index 98e80592..25b9a530 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/logging.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/logging.cpp
@@ -68,8 +68,7 @@ long __stdcall ExceptionFilter(EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo)
 			else if (exceptionInfo0 == 1)
 				exceptionCause << "Attempted to write to: 0x" << (void*)exceptionInfo1;
 			else if (exceptionInfo0 == 8)
-				exceptionCause << "Data Execution Prevention (DEP) at: 0x" << (void*)std::hex
-							   << exceptionInfo1;
+				exceptionCause << "Data Execution Prevention (DEP) at: 0x" << (void*)std::hex << exceptionInfo1;
 			else
 				exceptionCause << "Unknown access violation at: 0x" << (void*)exceptionInfo1;
 
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/masterserver.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/masterserver.cpp
index 076c0a14..ab6388c3 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/masterserver.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/masterserver.cpp
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ void MasterServerManager::AuthenticateWithOwnServer(char* uid, char* playerToken
 			curl_easy_setopt(
 				curl, CURLOPT_URL,
 				fmt::format("{}/client/auth_with_self?id={}&playerToken={}", Cvar_ns_masterserver_hostname->GetString(), uidStr, tokenStr)
-				.c_str());
+					.c_str());
 			curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, "POST");
 			curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, CurlWriteToStringBufferCallback);
 			curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &readBuffer);
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ void MasterServerManager::AuthenticateWithServer(char* uid, char* playerToken, c
 					fmt::format(
 						"{}/client/auth_with_server?id={}&playerToken={}&server={}&password={}", Cvar_ns_masterserver_hostname->GetString(),
 						uidStr, tokenStr, serverIdStr, escapedPassword)
-					.c_str());
+						.c_str());
 
 				curl_free(escapedPassword);
 			}
@@ -833,7 +833,7 @@ void MasterServerManager::AddSelfToServerList(
 						"{}/server/add_server?port={}&authPort={}&name={}&description={}&map={}&playlist={}&maxPlayers={}&password={}",
 						Cvar_ns_masterserver_hostname->GetString(), port, authPort, nameEscaped, descEscaped, mapEscaped, playlistEscaped,
 						maxPlayers, passwordEscaped)
-					.c_str());
+						.c_str());
 
 				curl_free(nameEscaped);
 				curl_free(descEscaped);
@@ -937,7 +937,7 @@ void MasterServerManager::AddSelfToServerList(
 										Cvar_ns_player_auth_port->GetInt(), escapedNameNew, escapedDescNew, escapedMapNew,
 										escapedPlaylistNew, g_ServerAuthenticationManager->m_additionalPlayerData.size(), maxPlayers,
 										escapedPasswordNew)
-									.c_str());
+										.c_str());
 
 								curl_free(escapedNameNew);
 								curl_free(escapedDescNew);
@@ -1038,7 +1038,7 @@ void MasterServerManager::UpdateServerMapAndPlaylist(char* map, char* playlist,
 					fmt::format(
 						"{}/server/update_values?id={}&map={}&playlist={}&maxPlayers={}", Cvar_ns_masterserver_hostname->GetString(),
 						m_ownServerId, mapEscaped, playlistEscaped, maxPlayers)
-					.c_str());
+						.c_str());
 
 				curl_free(mapEscaped);
 				curl_free(playlistEscaped);
@@ -1077,7 +1077,7 @@ void MasterServerManager::UpdateServerPlayerCount(int playerCount)
 				curl, CURLOPT_URL,
 				fmt::format(
 					"{}/server/update_values?id={}&playerCount={}", Cvar_ns_masterserver_hostname->GetString(), m_ownServerId, playerCount)
-				.c_str());
+					.c_str());
 
 			CURLcode result = curl_easy_perform(curl);
 
@@ -1117,7 +1117,7 @@ void MasterServerManager::WritePlayerPersistentData(char* playerId, char* pdata,
 				fmt::format(
 					"{}/accounts/write_persistence?id={}&serverId={}", Cvar_ns_masterserver_hostname->GetString(), strPlayerId,
 					m_ownServerId)
-				.c_str());
+					.c_str());
 			curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1L);
 			curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, CurlWriteToStringBufferCallback);
 			curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &readBuffer);
@@ -1262,7 +1262,7 @@ void CHostState__State_GameShutdownHook(CHostState* hostState)
 	CHostState__State_GameShutdown(hostState);
 }
 
-MasterServerManager::MasterServerManager() : m_pendingConnectionInfo{}, m_ownServerId{ "" }, m_ownClientAuthToken{ "" } {}
+MasterServerManager::MasterServerManager() : m_pendingConnectionInfo{}, m_ownServerId{""}, m_ownClientAuthToken{""} {}
 
 void InitialiseSharedMasterServer(HMODULE baseAddress)
 {
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/maxplayers.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/maxplayers.cpp
index 54f1a896..9550553c 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/maxplayers.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/maxplayers.cpp
@@ -46,9 +46,7 @@ constexpr int Team_PlayerArray_AddedSize = PAD_NUMBER(Team_PlayerArray_AddedLeng
 constexpr int Team_AddedSize = Team_PlayerArray_AddedSize;
 
 #include "NSMem.h"
-template <class T> void ChangeOffset(void* addr, unsigned int offset) {
-	NSMem::BytePatch((uintptr_t)addr, (BYTE*)&offset, sizeof(T));
-}
+template <class T> void ChangeOffset(void* addr, unsigned int offset) { NSMem::BytePatch((uintptr_t)addr, (BYTE*)&offset, sizeof(T)); }
 
 /*
 typedef bool(*MatchRecvPropsToSendProps_R_Type)(__int64 lookup, __int64 tableNameBroken, __int64 sendTable, __int64 recvTable);
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/misccommands.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/misccommands.cpp
index dca87947..cdadff8d 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/misccommands.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/misccommands.cpp
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ void AddMiscConCommands()
 {
 	MAKE_CONCMD(
 		"force_newgame", "forces a map load through directly setting g_pHostState->m_iNextState to HS_NEW_GAME", FCVAR_NONE,
-		[](const CCommand& arg) {
+		[](const CCommand& arg)
+		{
 			if (arg.ArgC() < 2)
 				return;
 
@@ -20,29 +21,34 @@ void AddMiscConCommands()
 
 	MAKE_CONCMD(
 		"ns_start_reauth_and_leave_to_lobby", "called by the server, used to reauth and return the player to lobby when leaving a game",
-		FCVAR_SERVER_CAN_EXECUTE, [](const CCommand& arg) {
+		FCVAR_SERVER_CAN_EXECUTE,
+		[](const CCommand& arg)
+		{
 			// hack for special case where we're on a local server, so we erase our own newly created auth data on disconnect
 			g_MasterServerManager->m_bNewgameAfterSelfAuth = true;
 			g_MasterServerManager->AuthenticateWithOwnServer(g_LocalPlayerUserID, g_MasterServerManager->m_ownClientAuthToken);
 		});
 
 	// this is a concommand because we make a deferred call to it from another thread
-	MAKE_CONCMD("ns_end_reauth_and_leave_to_lobby", "", FCVAR_NONE, [](const CCommand& arg) {
-		Cbuf_AddText(
-			Cbuf_GetCurrentPlayer(), fmt::format("serverfilter {}", g_ServerAuthenticationManager->m_authData.begin()->first).c_str(),
-			cmd_source_t::kCommandSrcCode);
-		Cbuf_Execute();
-
-		// weird way of checking, but check if client script vm is initialised, mainly just to allow players to cancel this
-		if (g_ClientSquirrelManager->sqvm)
+	MAKE_CONCMD(
+		"ns_end_reauth_and_leave_to_lobby", "", FCVAR_NONE,
+		[](const CCommand& arg)
 		{
-			g_ServerAuthenticationManager->m_bNeedLocalAuthForNewgame = true;
+			Cbuf_AddText(
+				Cbuf_GetCurrentPlayer(), fmt::format("serverfilter {}", g_ServerAuthenticationManager->m_authData.begin()->first).c_str(),
+				cmd_source_t::kCommandSrcCode);
+			Cbuf_Execute();
 
-			// this won't set playlist correctly on remote clients, don't think they can set playlist until they've left which sorta fucks
-			// things should maybe set this in HostState_NewGame?
-			SetCurrentPlaylist("tdm");
-			strcpy(g_pHostState->m_levelName, "mp_lobby");
-			g_pHostState->m_iNextState = HS_NEW_GAME;
-		}
-	});
+			// weird way of checking, but check if client script vm is initialised, mainly just to allow players to cancel this
+			if (g_ClientSquirrelManager->sqvm)
+			{
+				g_ServerAuthenticationManager->m_bNeedLocalAuthForNewgame = true;
+
+				// this won't set playlist correctly on remote clients, don't think they can set playlist until they've left which sorta
+				// fucks things should maybe set this in HostState_NewGame?
+				SetCurrentPlaylist("tdm");
+				strcpy(g_pHostState->m_levelName, "mp_lobby");
+				g_pHostState->m_iNextState = HS_NEW_GAME;
+			}
+		});
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/miscserverfixes.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/miscserverfixes.cpp
index 7d977d64..30cd5777 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/miscserverfixes.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/miscserverfixes.cpp
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ void InitialiseMiscServerFixes(HMODULE baseAddress)
 
 	// ret at the start of the concommand GenerateObjFile as it can crash servers
 	{
-		NSMem::BytePatch(ba + 0x38D920, {0xC3});
+		NSMem::BytePatch(ba + 0x38D920, "C3");
 	}
 
 	// nop out call to VGUI shutdown since it crashes the game when quitting from the console
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ void InitialiseMiscServerFixes(HMODULE baseAddress)
 	// ret at the start of CServerGameClients::ClientCommandKeyValues as it has no benefit and is forwarded to client (i.e. security issue)
 	// this prevents the attack vector of client=>server=>client, however server=>client also has clientside patches
 	{
-		NSMem::BytePatch(ba + 0x153920, {0xC3});
+		NSMem::BytePatch(ba + 0x153920, "C3");
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/modmanager.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/modmanager.cpp
index 99bb5fdb..0ac7e4b6 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/modmanager.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/modmanager.cpp
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ ModManager::ModManager()
 	m_hScriptsRsonHash = STR_HASH("scripts\\vscripts\\scripts.rson");
 	m_hPdefHash = STR_HASH(
 		"cfg\\server\\persistent_player_data_version_231.pdef" // this can have multiple versions, but we use 231 so that's what we hash
-	); 
+	);
 
 	LoadMods();
 }
@@ -283,7 +283,8 @@ void ModManager::LoadMods()
 		// preexisting convars note: we don't delete convars if they already exist because they're used for script stuff, unfortunately this
 		// causes us to leak memory on reload, but not much, potentially find a way to not do this at some point
 		for (ModConVar* convar : mod.ConVars)
-			if (!g_pCVar->FindVar(convar->Name.c_str())) // make sure convar isn't registered yet, unsure if necessary but idk what behaviour is for defining same convar multiple times
+			if (!g_pCVar->FindVar(convar->Name.c_str())) // make sure convar isn't registered yet, unsure if necessary but idk what
+														 // behaviour is for defining same convar multiple times
 				new ConVar(convar->Name.c_str(), convar->DefaultValue.c_str(), convar->Flags, convar->HelpString.c_str());
 
 		// read vpk paths
@@ -305,8 +306,7 @@ void ModManager::LoadMods()
 				dVpkJson.Parse<rapidjson::ParseFlag::kParseCommentsFlag | rapidjson::ParseFlag::kParseTrailingCommasFlag>(
 					vpkJsonStringStream.str().c_str());
 
-				bUseVPKJson =
-					!dVpkJson.HasParseError() && dVpkJson.IsObject();
+				bUseVPKJson = !dVpkJson.HasParseError() && dVpkJson.IsObject();
 			}
 
 			for (fs::directory_entry file : fs::directory_iterator(mod.ModDirectory / "vpk"))
@@ -324,7 +324,8 @@ void ModManager::LoadMods()
 						(file.path().parent_path() / formattedPath.substr(strlen("english"), formattedPath.find(".bsp") - 3)).string();
 
 					ModVPKEntry& modVpk = mod.Vpks.emplace_back();
-					modVpk.m_bAutoLoad = !bUseVPKJson || (dVpkJson.HasMember("Preload") && dVpkJson["Preload"].IsObject() && dVpkJson["Preload"].HasMember(vpkName) && dVpkJson["Preload"][vpkName].IsTrue());
+					modVpk.m_bAutoLoad = !bUseVPKJson || (dVpkJson.HasMember("Preload") && dVpkJson["Preload"].IsObject() &&
+														  dVpkJson["Preload"].HasMember(vpkName) && dVpkJson["Preload"][vpkName].IsTrue());
 					modVpk.m_sVpkPath = vpkName;
 
 					if (m_hasLoadedMods && modVpk.m_bAutoLoad)
@@ -352,8 +353,7 @@ void ModManager::LoadMods()
 				dRpakJson.Parse<rapidjson::ParseFlag::kParseCommentsFlag | rapidjson::ParseFlag::kParseTrailingCommasFlag>(
 					rpakJsonStringStream.str().c_str());
 
-				bUseRpakJson =
-					!dRpakJson.HasParseError() && dRpakJson.IsObject();
+				bUseRpakJson = !dRpakJson.HasParseError() && dRpakJson.IsObject();
 			}
 
 			// read pak aliases
@@ -377,11 +377,13 @@ void ModManager::LoadMods()
 					std::string pakName(file.path().filename().string());
 
 					ModRpakEntry& modPak = mod.Rpaks.emplace_back();
-					modPak.m_bAutoLoad = !bUseRpakJson || (dRpakJson.HasMember("Preload") && dRpakJson["Preload"].IsObject() && dRpakJson["Preload"].HasMember(pakName) && dRpakJson["Preload"][pakName].IsTrue());
+					modPak.m_bAutoLoad =
+						!bUseRpakJson || (dRpakJson.HasMember("Preload") && dRpakJson["Preload"].IsObject() &&
+										  dRpakJson["Preload"].HasMember(pakName) && dRpakJson["Preload"][pakName].IsTrue());
 					modPak.m_sPakPath = pakName;
 
 					// not using atm because we need to resolve path to rpak
-					//if (m_hasLoadedMods && modPak.m_bAutoLoad)
+					// if (m_hasLoadedMods && modPak.m_bAutoLoad)
 					//	g_PakLoadManager->LoadPakAsync(pakName.c_str());
 				}
 			}
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/modmanager.h b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/modmanager.h
index c79c507d..7f12559f 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/modmanager.h
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/modmanager.h
@@ -97,7 +97,8 @@ class Mod
 	std::string Pdiff; // only need one per mod
 
 	std::vector<ModRpakEntry> Rpaks;
-	std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> RpakAliases; // paks we alias to other rpaks, e.g. to load sp_crashsite paks on the map mp_crashsite
+	std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string>
+		RpakAliases; // paks we alias to other rpaks, e.g. to load sp_crashsite paks on the map mp_crashsite
 
 	// other stuff
 
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/pch.h b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/pch.h
index cc44c107..c5c78dc7 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/pch.h
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/pch.h
@@ -31,17 +31,15 @@ template <typename ReturnType, typename... Args> ReturnType CallVFunc(int index,
 	return (*reinterpret_cast<ReturnType(__fastcall***)(void*, Args...)>(thisPtr))[index](thisPtr, args...);
 }
 
-template <typename T, size_t index, typename ...Args> constexpr T CallVFunc_Alt(void* classBase, Args... args) noexcept {
+template <typename T, size_t index, typename... Args> constexpr T CallVFunc_Alt(void* classBase, Args... args) noexcept
+{
 	return ((*(T(__thiscall***)(void*, Args...))(classBase))[index])(classBase, args...);
 }
 
-
 #define STR_HASH(s) (std::hash<std::string>()(s))
 
 // Example usage: M_VMETHOD(int, GetEntityIndex, 8, (CBaseEntity* ent), (this, ent))
-#define M_VMETHOD(returnType, name, index, args, argsRaw) \
-FORCEINLINE returnType name args noexcept { \
-    return CallVFunc_Alt<returnType, index> argsRaw; \
-}
+#define M_VMETHOD(returnType, name, index, args, argsRaw)                                                                                  \
+	FORCEINLINE returnType name args noexcept { return CallVFunc_Alt<returnType, index> argsRaw; }
 
 #endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/playlist.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/playlist.cpp
index a0a2dc33..fdb23893 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/playlist.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/playlist.cpp
@@ -98,11 +98,9 @@ void InitialisePlaylistHooks(HMODULE baseAddress)
 	// patch to prevent clc_SetPlaylistVarOverride from being able to crash servers if we reach max overrides due to a call to Error (why is
 	// this possible respawn, wtf) todo: add a warning for this
 	{
-		NSMem::BytePatch(ba + 0x18ED8D, {
-			0xC3 // jmp => ret
-		});
+		NSMem::BytePatch(ba + 0x18ED8D, "C3");
 	}
 
 	// patch to allow setplaylistvaroverride to be called before map init on dedicated and private match launched through the game
 	NSMem::NOP(ba + 0x18ED17, 6);
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/rpakfilesystem.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/rpakfilesystem.cpp
index ba7cf3d2..6853029b 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/rpakfilesystem.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/rpakfilesystem.cpp
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ typedef void* (*LoadCommonPaksForMapType)(char* map);
 LoadCommonPaksForMapType LoadCommonPaksForMap;
 
 typedef void* (*LoadPakSyncType)(const char* path, void* unknownSingleton, int flags);
-typedef int(*LoadPakAsyncType)(const char* path, void* unknownSingleton, int flags, void* callback0, void* callback1);
+typedef int (*LoadPakAsyncType)(const char* path, void* unknownSingleton, int flags, void* callback0, void* callback1);
 
 // there are more i'm just too lazy to add
 struct PakLoadFuncs
@@ -59,20 +59,21 @@ void LoadPreloadPaks()
 		for (ModRpakEntry& pak : mod.Rpaks)
 			if (pak.m_bAutoLoad)
 				g_PakLoadManager->LoadPakAsync((modPakPath / pak.m_sPakPath).string().c_str());
-	} 
+	}
 
 	bShouldPreload = true;
 }
 
 LoadPakSyncType LoadPakSyncOriginal;
 void* LoadPakSyncHook(char* path, void* unknownSingleton, int flags)
-{ 
+{
 	HandlePakAliases(&path);
-	// note: we don't handle loading any preloaded custom paks synchronously since LoadPakSync is never actually called in retail, just load them async instead
+	// note: we don't handle loading any preloaded custom paks synchronously since LoadPakSync is never actually called in retail, just load
+	// them async instead
 	LoadPreloadPaks();
 
 	spdlog::info("LoadPakSync {}", path);
-	return LoadPakSyncOriginal(path, unknownSingleton, flags); 
+	return LoadPakSyncOriginal(path, unknownSingleton, flags);
 }
 
 LoadPakAsyncType LoadPakAsyncOriginal;
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/serverauthentication.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/serverauthentication.cpp
index 4581e4b6..46fa6491 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/serverauthentication.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/serverauthentication.cpp
@@ -628,25 +628,26 @@ void InitialiseServerAuthentication(HMODULE baseAddress)
 
 	// patch to disable kicking based on incorrect serverfilter in connectclient, since we repurpose it for use as an auth token
 	{
-		NSMem::BytePatch(ba + 0x114655, {
-			0xEB // jz => jmp
-		});
+		NSMem::BytePatch(
+			ba + 0x114655,
+			"EB" // jz => jmp
+		);
 	}
 
 	// patch to disable fairfight marking players as cheaters and kicking them
 	{
-		NSMem::BytePatch(ba + 0x101012, {
-			0xE9, // jz => jmp
-			0x90,
-			0x0
-		});
+		NSMem::BytePatch(
+			ba + 0x101012,
+			"E9 90 00" // jz => jmp
+		);
 	}
 
 	// patch to allow same of multiple account
 	{
-		NSMem::BytePatch(ba + 0x114510, {
-			0xEB, // jz => jmp
-		});
+		NSMem::BytePatch(
+			ba + 0x114510,
+			"EB" // jz => jmp
+		);
 	}
 
 	// patch to set bWasWritingStringTableSuccessful in CNetworkStringTableContainer::WriteBaselines if it fails
@@ -654,9 +655,11 @@ void InitialiseServerAuthentication(HMODULE baseAddress)
 		uintptr_t writeAddress = (uintptr_t)(&bWasWritingStringTableSuccessful - (ba + 0x234EDC));
 
 		auto addr = ba + 0x234ED2;
-		NSMem::BytePatch(addr, { 0xC7, 0x05 });
+		NSMem::BytePatch(addr, "C7 05");
 		NSMem::BytePatch(addr + 2, (BYTE*)&writeAddress, sizeof(writeAddress));
-		NSMem::BytePatch(addr + 6, {0, 0, 0, 0});
+
+		NSMem::BytePatch(addr + 6, "00 00 00 00");
+
 		NSMem::NOP(addr + 10, 5);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/version.cpp b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/version.cpp
index dfeb9670..a0bcee20 100644
--- a/NorthstarDedicatedTest/version.cpp
+++ b/NorthstarDedicatedTest/version.cpp
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
 char version[16];
 char NSUserAgent[32];
 
-void InitialiseVersion() {
+void InitialiseVersion()
+{
 	HRSRC hResInfo;
 	DWORD dwSize;
 	HGLOBAL hResData;
@@ -14,13 +15,16 @@ void InitialiseVersion() {
 	HINSTANCE hInst = ::GetModuleHandle(NULL);
 
 	hResInfo = FindResourceW(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(1), RT_VERSION);
-	if (hResInfo != NULL) {
+	if (hResInfo != NULL)
+	{
 		dwSize = SizeofResource(hInst, hResInfo);
 		hResData = LoadResource(hInst, hResInfo);
-		if (hResData != NULL) {
+		if (hResData != NULL)
+		{
 			pRes = LockResource(hResData);
 			pResCopy = LocalAlloc(LMEM_FIXED, dwSize);
-			if (pResCopy != 0) {
+			if (pResCopy != 0)
+			{
 				CopyMemory(pResCopy, pRes, dwSize);
 				VerQueryValueW(pResCopy, L"\\", (LPVOID*)&lpFfi, &uLen);
 
@@ -35,11 +39,13 @@ void InitialiseVersion() {
 				// We actually use the rightmost integer do determine whether or not we're a debug/dev build
 				// If it is set to 1 (as in resources.rc), we are a dev build
 				// On github CI, we set this 1 to a 0 automatically as we replace the 0.0.0.1 with the real version number
-				if (dwRightMost == 1) {
+				if (dwRightMost == 1)
+				{
 					sprintf(version, "%d.%d.%d.%d+dev", dwLeftMost, dwSecondLeft, dwSecondRight, dwRightMost);
 					sprintf(NSUserAgent, "R2Northstar/%d.%d.%d+dev", dwLeftMost, dwSecondLeft, dwSecondRight);
 				}
-				else {
+				else
+				{
 					sprintf(version, "%d.%d.%d.%d", dwLeftMost, dwSecondLeft, dwSecondRight, dwRightMost);
 					sprintf(NSUserAgent, "R2Northstar/%d.%d.%d", dwLeftMost, dwSecondLeft, dwSecondRight);
 				}